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Bakers demand bread... and better

  • COLLECTIF

[BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans

[BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans]

Pierre Prault • J. Chardon|Le Mans 1750-1751|39.5 x 25.5 cm|6 volumes en feuillets sous une chemise moderne

€850
⬨ 90479

Important dossier of documents relating to a dispute between the bakers of Le Mans and the city’s mayor and aldermen, comprising the following items:

  • Avis donné par le lieutenant général de la Senechaussée du Maine, en exécution de l'Arrest du 17 décembre 1749. Sur la confection, la qualité & le prix du pain, & autres choses en dépendante (sic). 4 pp.
  • Mémoire dans la Cause indiquée au Samedi 24. Avril 1751. Pour les Boulangers du Mans, Demandeurs. Contre les Maire & Echevins de la même Ville, Deffendeurs. 12 pp. "Les Boulangers demandent la nullité d'un essai fait au Mans en conséquence d'un Arrêt de la cour du 17 Décembre 1749, dans lequel en faisant entrer 30 à 35 liv. de son dans le pain par charge de froment, on a trouvé un prix de pain si exorbitant qu'on n'a jamais entendu parler de rien de semblable ; ils demandent qu'il en soit fait un autre sous les yeux d'un de Messieurs (sic) aux frais de la Ville, dans lequel il restera au moins 100 liv. de son par charge de froment, de même que dans toutes les Villes du Royaume". Followed by a summary of the facts, rulings, legal briefs and opinions concerning bread in Le Mans since 1745.
  • - Addition au Mémoire pour les Boulangers du Mans...; 5 pp. 
  • - Mémoire sur délibéré pour les Maire & Echevins de la Ville du Mans. Contre la Communauté des Boulangers de la même Ville. ; 9 pp.
  • - Réponse au Mémoire de la Ville. Pour les Boulangers du Mans. Contre les Maire & Echevins de la même Ville. ; 14 pp.
  • - Mémoire pour les Maire & Echevins de la Ville du Mans, Défendeurs & Demandeurs. Contre les Boulangers de la même Ville…; 15 pp. of text and 8 unnumbered leaves of tables recording the results of the various trials conducted in 1750 (pain mollet, pain michard and brown bread), with the prices of wheat, bran and flour, together with expenses.
  • A rare collection, with a few marginal tears and creases.
  • Our collection is housed in a modern black paper-board folding case.
*

This unique collection documents, at the level of a provincial town, one of the most sensitive mechanisms of the Ancien Régime economy: the official fixing of bread prices by means of an “essai”, an adversarial procedure in which sample quantities of wheat were milled, baked and weighed in the presence of the parties and municipal authorities, so that the proper price of each category of bread could be calculated item by item, taking into account flour, bran, firewood, salt, candles and the baker’s labour.

The dispute in Le Mans concerned the validity of a trial conducted in 1750. The bakers, who considered its findings to have been distorted to their detriment, sought its annulment and the holding of a fresh trial reflecting their actual costs, while the municipality defended the tariff established by the initial operation.

The dispute arose precisely between two peaks in grain prices, dated by price historians to 1748-1749 and 1751-1752 respectively, in a context in which any increase in the price of bread directly threatened the city’s social equilibrium. The statistical tables appended to the final document, detailing down to the sol and denier the cost price of pain mollet, pain michard, the local bread eaten by the bourgeoisie, and brown bread, constitute an unusually rich primary source for the local economic history of Maine in the mid-eighteenth century.

The 1750 Avis was issued by Alexandre-Paul-Louis-François Samson de Lorchère, lieutenant-general of the seneschal’s court of Maine and perpetual mayor of Le Mans from 1725 to 1764, who in 1761 was to found the Société d'Agriculture, Sciences et Arts de la Sarthe: a central figure in the city’s eighteenth-century administration.

 

A valuable, complete and coherent collection, rarely preserved in private hands, concerning an emblematic dispute over the regulation of bread under Louis XV, documented from the initial ruling through to the statistical tables of the adversarial trial, and signed by a leading figure in the eighteenth-century administration of Le Mans.

Bibliographical description of this copy

  • author:
    COLLECTIF
  • Publishers:
    Pierre PraultJ. Chardon
  • Place of publication:
    Le Mans
  • Year:
    1750-1751
  • Dimensions:
    39.5 x 25.5 cm
  • Collation:
    6 cahiers de format in-folio ; de 4pp à 15pp
Réf : 90479|€850
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
COLLECTIF • [BAKERIES OF LE MANS - Collection of six legal briefs for or against the bakers of the city of Le Mans] • [BOULANGERIES DU MANS] Réunion de 6 factums pour ou contre les boulangers de la ville du Mans • 1750
€850
⬨ 90479

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